Alloy 405，Monel 405 Other/Similar Specs，UNS N04405，EFORU

British Specs:，American Specs:AMS 4674 Bar and Forgings AMS 7234 QQ-N-281 MIL-N-894，German Specs:

### **Alloy 405 / Monel 405 & Similar Specifications (UNS N04405) - Technical Overview** **Overview** **Alloy 405** (Monel 405) represents a specialized subgroup of nickel-copper alloys specifically engineered with controlled sulfur content (0.025-0.060%) to provide enhanced machinability while maintaining good corrosion resistance. While UNS N04405 is the primary specification for this free-machining variant, several equivalent and similar specifications exist across different international standards and specialized applications. This overview covers the core Monel 405 material along with its various international designations and comparable specifications used in global industry. --- ### **Chemical Composition** The base chemical composition maintains consistent across major specifications with sulfur content being the key differentiator from Monel 400: | Element | Content (%) (ASTM B164/ASME SB-164) | | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 63.0 (Minimum) | | **Copper (Cu)** | 28.0 - 34.0 | | **Iron (Fe)** | 2.5 (Maximum) | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 2.0 (Maximum) | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.3 (Maximum) | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.5 (Maximum) | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025 - 0.060 | **Note:** The sulfur content is carefully controlled within this specific range to optimize machinability while minimizing adverse effects on corrosion resistance and weldability. --- ### **Physical Properties** Consistent physical properties across all Monel 405 specifications: | Property | Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.80 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 51 μΩ·cm at 20°C | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 22 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Thermal Expansion Coefficient** | 13.9 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | **Magnetic Permeability** | Essentially non-magnetic | --- ### **Mechanical Properties** Typical mechanical properties for annealed condition across specifications: | Product Form | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | Elongation (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Bar & Rod** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 280-410 MPa (40-60 ksi) | 30-40 | | **Sheet & Plate** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 240-380 MPa (35-55 ksi) | 35-45 | | **Forgings** | 580-720 MPa (84-104 ksi) | 280-420 MPa (41-61 ksi) | 30-40 | **Machinability Rating:** 30% (Compared to 20% for Monel 400) --- ### **International Standards & Cross-References** **Primary U.S. Standards:** - **ASTM B164** - Rod, Bar, and Wire - **ASTM B127** - Plate, Sheet, and Strip - **ASTM B564** - Forgings - **ASME SB-164, SB-127, SB-564** - Pressure Vessel Applications - **AMS 4674** - Bars, Forgings, and Rings - **QQ-N-281** - Federal Specification **European Equivalents:** - **DIN 2.4362** / **NiCu30FeS** - **EN 2.4362** (European Norm) - **BS 3075 NA 14** (British Standard) - **AFNOR NU-30MS** (French Standard) **Other International Standards:** - **JIS NW 4405** (Japanese Standard) - **GOST MHZh 5-2** (Russian Standard) - **ISO 6208** - Wrought Nickel-Copper Alloys **Notable Similar Specifications:** - **Monel 400** (UNS N04400) - Base alloy without sulfur addition - **Monel R405** - Alternative designation for automatic screw machine stock - **NAS NW 4405** (Japanese Aerospace) - **MIL-N-894** - Military specification covering both 400 and 405 alloys --- ### **Product Applications Across Specifications** **Automated Machining (All Standards):** - Screw machine products and CNC components - High-volume production parts - Complex geometries requiring multiple operations - Precision instrument components **Marine & Offshore Applications:** - Marine hardware components - Submarine parts - Naval vessel fittings - Offshore platform components - Seawater system parts **Chemical Processing:** - Valve components (stems, seats, plugs) - Pump parts (shafts, impellers) - Fasteners and fittings - Instrumentation components - Process equipment parts **Oil & Gas Industry:** - Wellhead components - Production equipment parts - Valve trim components - Instrumentation fittings - Fastening systems **Specialized Applications:** - **Aerospace:** AMS specifications for non-critical components - **Power Generation:** Non-welded components for corrosive service - **Architectural:** Marine architectural features requiring machining - **Medical:** Surgical instrument components (non-implant) --- ### **Key Advantages & Selection Considerations** **Universal Advantages:** - **Enhanced Machinability:** Consistent 50% improvement over Monel 400 across all specifications - **Good Corrosion Resistance:** Maintains adequate resistance for most industrial environments - **Economic Production:** Reduced machining time and costs for high-volume components - **Non-Magnetic:** All specifications maintain essentially non-magnetic characteristics - **Proven Reliability:** Decades of successful service in appropriate applications **Specification Selection Guidelines:** - **Pressure Applications:** ASME SB specifications for code compliance - **Aerospace:** AMS standards for flight components - **International Projects:** DIN/EN standards for European markets - **General Machining:** ASTM standards for industrial applications - **Military Applications:** MIL specifications for defense requirements **Special Considerations by Application:** - **Automated Machining:** Optimal for high-volume screw machine production - **Marine Service:** Suitable for non-welded marine components - **Chemical Processing:** Ideal for machined valve and pump components - **High-Temperature:** Limited to 400°C maximum service temperature --- ### **Quality Assurance & Certification** **Standard Testing Requirements:** - Chemical analysis verification - Mechanical testing certification - Machinability testing (where specified) - Non-destructive examination (as required) - Dimensional verification - Surface quality inspection **Certification Standards:** - **EN 10204 3.1/3.2:** Material inspection certificates - **ISO 9001:** Quality management systems - **PED 2014/68/EU:** Pressure equipment directive - **NACE MR0175:** Sulfide stress cracking resistant materials --- ### **Comparative Analysis with Similar Alloys** **vs. Monel 400 (UNS N04400):** - 50% better machinability - Slightly reduced corrosion resistance in severe environments - Limited weldability due to sulfur content - Better chip formation in automated machining **vs. Other Nickel Alloys:** - Superior machinability to most nickel alloys - Good balance of cost and performance - Specific application focus on machined components --- ### **Conclusion** The Monel 405/Alloy 405 family (UNS N04405 and equivalents) represents a specialized material system specifically optimized for machining applications while maintaining good corrosion resistance. While maintaining the same base nickel-copper composition as Monel 400, the controlled sulfur addition creates a unique material profile that fills a specific niche in manufacturing. Engineers can confidently specify this alloy family for applications requiring extensive machining operations, knowing that equivalent materials are available globally with consistent performance characteristics supported by comprehensive international standards and extensive industrial experience.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1686 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.