Alloy 901,Incoloy 901 Forgings,UNS N09901,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:AMS 5830 Welding Wire AMS 5660 Bar and Forgings AMS 5661 Bar and Forgings，German Specs:WS 2.4662

### **Technical Datasheet: Alloy 901 / Incoloy 901 Forgings / UNS N09901** --- #### **1. Overview** **Alloy 901** (commercially referred to as **Incoloy® 901**) is a nickel-iron-chromium precipitation-hardening superalloy specifically designed for high-temperature applications requiring exceptional creep resistance and mechanical strength. This datasheet focuses on **Forgings** made from this alloy, which are manufactured through controlled deformation processes to achieve superior mechanical properties, directional grain flow, and enhanced structural integrity. Incoloy 901 Forgings offer outstanding performance at temperatures up to 590°C (1100°F) and are essential for critical components in aerospace, power generation, and industrial applications where reliability under extreme conditions is paramount. --- #### **2. Key Characteristics** * **Enhanced Mechanical Properties:** Superior strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance compared to cast products * **Directional Strength:** Optimized grain flow pattern following component contours * **Excellent Creep Resistance:** Superior long-term creep rupture strength under sustained loading * **Outstanding Thermal Fatigue Resistance:** Excellent resistance to thermal cycling and thermal shock * **Reduced Porosity and Defects:** Dense, homogeneous microstructure free from voids and inclusions * **Age-Hardenable:** Achieves optimal strength through precipitation hardening heat treatment * **Superior Structural Integrity:** Reliable performance in critical applications --- #### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Minimum (%) | Maximum (%) | Key Function | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 40.0 | 45.0 | Austenitic matrix base, provides high-temperature stability | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 11.0 | 14.0 | Provides oxidation and corrosion resistance | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | - | Base element, contributes to solid solution strengthening | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 5.0 | 6.5 | Solid solution strengthener, enhances high-temperature strength | | **Titanium (Ti)** | 2.8 | 3.1 | Primary precipitation hardening element (forms γ' phase) | | **Aluminum (Al)** | - | 0.30 | Secondary hardening element | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.10 | 0.20 | Forms carbides for grain boundary strengthening | | **Boron (B)** | 0.01 | 0.02 | Enhances creep strength and ductility | | **Manganese (Mn)** | - | 0.50 | - | | **Silicon (Si)** | - | 0.40 | - | | **Sulfur (S)** | - | 0.015 | - | | **Copper (Cu)** | - | 0.50 | - | --- #### **4. Physical Properties (Typical)** | Property | Metric Value | Imperial Value | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.21 g/cm³ | 0.297 lb/in³ | | **Melting Range** | 1330-1360°C | 2425-2480°F | | **Specific Heat (20°C)** | 440 J/kg·K | 0.105 BTU/lb·°F | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 12.5 W/m·K | 72.2 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F | | **Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 13.5 μm/m·K | 7.5 μin/in·°F | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 1.18 μΩ·m | 708 ohm·circ mil/ft | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 214 GPa | 31.0×10⁶ psi | | **Forging Temperature Range** | 1050-1175°C | 1920-2150°F | --- #### **5. Mechanical Properties (Typical for Aged Forgings)** * **Tensile Strength:** 1240-1380 MPa (180-200 ksi) * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** 1030-1170 MPa (150-170 ksi) * **Elongation:** 8-15% * **Reduction of Area:** 10-20% * **Hardness:** HB 360-420 * **Impact Strength:** 40-60 J (30-44 ft-lb) * **Creep Rupture Strength (540°C/1000°F):** 550 MPa (80 ksi) for 1000 hours --- #### **6. International Standards & Specifications** **Forging Standards:** * **ASTM B564:** Standard Specification for Nickel Alloy Forgings * **ASTM B637:** Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock * **AMS 5660:** Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Forgings, and Rings * **AMS 5661:** Rings and Rolled Ring Blanks **Quality Standards:** * **ASME Section III:** Nuclear Facility Applications * **ASME Section VIII:** Pressure Vessel Applications * **ISO 9001:** Quality Management Systems * **NAVSEA:** Naval Applications * **GE S400:** Gas Turbine Specifications **Testing Standards:** * **ASTM A388:** Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings * **ASTM E165:** Liquid Penetrant Examination * **ASTM E709:** Magnetic Particle Examination * **ASTM E112:** Grain Size Determination --- #### **7. Manufacturing Processes** **Forging Methods:** * **Open-Die Forging:** For large, simple shapes and custom components * **Closed-Die Forging:** For complex, precision components with tight tolerances * **Ring Rolling:** For circular components and flanges * **Press Forging:** For controlled deformation and uniform grain structure * **Isothermal Forging:** For complex aerospace components **Heat Treatment:** * **Solution Treatment:** 1095-1120°C (2000-2050°F) followed by rapid cooling * **Aging Treatment:** - Primary Age: 775-800°C (1425-1475°F) for 4 hours, air cool - Secondary Age: 700-730°C (1290-1350°F) for 24 hours, air cool * **Stress Relieving:** 650-675°C (1200-1250°F) for 2-4 hours when required --- #### **8. Applications** **Aerospace Industry:** * Gas turbine engine disks and hubs * Turbine shafts and rotors * Compressor wheels and impellers * Engine mounting components and brackets * Jet engine rings and casings **Power Generation:** * Gas turbine rotor components * Steam turbine blades and disks * Turbine wheels and shafts * High-pressure compressor components * Nuclear reactor components **Oil & Gas Industry:** * Wellhead components (valve bodies, bonnets) * Downhole tool components * Christmas tree equipment * Subsea equipment components * High-pressure valve bodies **Industrial Applications:** * High-temperature fasteners and studs * Chemical processing equipment * Heat treatment fixtures * Turbocharger components * Specialized machinery components --- #### **9. Quality Assurance** **Material Certification:** * Full traceability from melt to final product * Certified Mill Test Reports (CMTR) * Heat treatment charts and records * Chemical analysis certificates * Forging process documentation **Non-Destructive Testing:** * **Ultrasonic Testing (UT):** Per ASTM A388 for internal defects * **Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT):** Per ASTM E165 for surface defects * **Magnetic Particle Testing (MT):** Per ASTM E709 for surface and near-surface defects * **Radiographic Testing (RT):** For critical sections when specified **Destructive Testing:** * Tensile testing at room and elevated temperatures * Impact testing (Charpy V-notch) * Hardness surveys * Microstructural examination and grain size measurement * Creep and stress rupture testing --- #### **10. Design & Fabrication Considerations** **Machining Guidelines:** * **Condition:** Machine in solution-treated condition * **Tool Material:** Premium carbide tools recommended * **Cutting Parameters:** Moderate speeds with heavy feeds * **Coolant:** Ample coolant supply required * **Tool Geometry:** Positive rake angles essential **Welding Considerations:** * **Weldability:** Fair - requires special precautions and procedures * **Recommended Process:** GTAW (TIG) preferred * **Filler Metal:** AWS A5.14 ERNiFeCr-1 or matching composition * **Pre/Post Weld Heat Treatment:** Required to restore properties * **Welding Qualification:** Procedure qualification required **Inspection Requirements:** * Dimensional inspection to drawing requirements * Surface quality assessment * Microstructural evaluation * Mechanical property verification * Non-destructive testing as specified --- **Disclaimer:** This technical information is for reference purposes. For critical applications in aerospace, nuclear, or high-temperature services, always consult the specific material certification and the latest version of applicable standards. Actual properties may vary depending on forging practices, heat treatment, and specific component design.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1971 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.