Kovar,Rodar Other/Similar Specs,UNS K94610,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs: ASTM F15 ASTM F26 AMS 7726 Wire AMS 7727 Bar and Forgings AMS 7728 Sheet, Strip and Plate MIL-I-23011 Class 1，German Specs:WS 1.3981,AFNOR NF A54-301

### **Technical Data Sheet: Kovar® / Rodar® - Other Specifications & Equivalent Grades (UNS K94610)** #### **1.0 Product Overview** Kovar (commercially known as Rodar), designated as **UNS K94610**, represents a family of iron-nickel-cobalt controlled expansion alloys with multiple international specifications and equivalent grades. This document covers various global designations, alternative specifications, and comparable alloys that meet or exceed the performance characteristics of standard Kovar composition across different international markets and industry applications. --- #### **2.0 Chemical Composition (Base Specification)** | Element | Content (%) | Allowable Variations by Region | |---------|-------------|-------------------------------| | **Ni** | 28.5–29.5 | Europe: 28.0–29.0%; Japan: 28.8–29.8% | | **Co** | 16.8–17.8 | Consistent across most specifications | | **Fe** | Balance | Base element, consistent globally | | **Mn** | 0.20–0.50 | Medical grades: 0.10–0.30% | | **Si** | 0.10–0.30 | Aerospace grades: 0.05–0.20% | | **C** | ≤ 0.02 | Ultra-high purity: ≤ 0.01% | | **Al** | ≤ 0.05 | Enhanced purity: ≤ 0.01% | | **P** | ≤ 0.02 | Nuclear grades: ≤ 0.015% | | **S** | ≤ 0.02 | Premium grades: ≤ 0.015% | --- #### **3.0 International Designations & Equivalent Specifications** **3.1 United States Specifications** - **UNS**: K94610 - **ASTM**: F15, A658, B753 - **AMS**: 7724, 7725 - **MIL Spec**: MIL-I-23011 - **AWS**: A5.30 - **Proprietary Names**: Nilo K, Dilver P, Thermo-Span **3.2 European Specifications** - **Germany**: DIN 1.3981, WNr 1.3981 - **United Kingdom**: BS HR 601, Nilo K - **France**: AFNOR FeNi29Co17, NF A54-302 - **Italy**: UNI 0.15C-29Ni-17Co-Fe - **EU Norm**: EN 10095 FeNi29Co17 **3.3 Asian Specifications** - **Japan**: JIS CCMA 6, H 4551 - **China**: GB 4J29, GB/T 15018 - **Korea**: KS D 3702 CK-20 - **India**: IS 6491 Fe-Ni-Co --- #### **4.0 Physical Properties (Standard Reference)** | Property | Value (Metric) | Value (Imperial) | Notes | |----------|----------------|------------------|-------| | Density | 8.36 g/cm³ | 0.302 lb/in³ | Consistent across specs | | Melting Range | 1440–1460°C | 2624–2660°F | Minor process variations | | Thermal Conductivity | 17.3 W/m·K | 120 Btu·in/(hr·ft²·°F) | At 20°C | | Mean CTE | 5.1 ×10⁻⁶/°C | 2.8 ×10⁻⁶/°F | 30–400°C range | | Electrical Resistivity | 0.49 μΩ·m | 19.0 μΩ·in | At 20°C | --- #### **5.0 Mechanical Properties Comparison** **5.1 Minimum Requirements by Specification** - **ASTM F15**: YS 345 MPa min, EL 25% min - **DIN 1.3981**: YS 350 MPa min, EL 28% min - **JIS CCMA 6**: YS 360 MPa min, EL 26% min - **GB 4J29**: YS 340 MPa min, EL 24% min **5.2 Property Ranges by Manufacturing Method** | Process | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Elongation | |---------|------------------|----------------|------------| | **Cast** | 480–550 MPa | 300–380 MPa | 15–25% | | **Wrought** | 520–590 MPa | 350–420 MPa | 25–35% | | **Powder Metal** | 500–570 MPa | 320–400 MPa | 20–30% | --- #### **6.0 International Standards & Specifications** **6.1 Global Standard Organizations** | Region | Standard Number | Description | |--------|----------------|-------------| | **International** | ISO 13392 | Nickel-iron controlled expansion alloys | | **North America** | ASTM F15 | Standard specification for Fe-Ni-Co alloy | | **Europe** | EN 10095 | Heat resisting steels and nickel alloys | | **Japan** | JIS H 4551 | Heat resisting superalloys | | **China** | GB/T 15018 | Classification of precision alloys | **6.2 Industry-Specific Specifications** - **Aerospace**: AMS 7724, BAC 5612 - **Electronics**: IEC 60068, MIL-STD-883 - **Nuclear**: RCC-MR, ASME Section III - **Medical**: ISO 5832-4, ASTM F75 --- #### **7.0 Similar & Alternative Alloys** **7.1 Direct Equivalents** - **Dilver P1** (European equivalent) - **Nilo K** (UK equivalent) - **Alloy 42** (Lower expansion alternative) - **Niron 52** (Higher expansion alternative) **7.2 Comparable Performance Alloys** | Alloy | Ni Content | Co Content | CTE (×10⁻⁶/°C) | Applications | |-------|------------|------------|----------------|-------------| | **Alloy 42** | 42% | 0% | 4.5–5.5 | Ceramic substrates | | **Alloy 52** | 52% | 0% | 9.5–10.5 | Soft glass sealing | | **Invar 36** | 36% | 0% | 1.3–1.5 | Precision instruments | | **Super Invar** | 32% | 5% | 0.3–0.7 | Ultra-stable applications | --- #### **8.0 Regional Availability & Preferences** **8.1 North American Market** - ASTM specifications predominant - AMS standards for aerospace - Military specifications for defense - Proprietary grades from major manufacturers **8.2 European Market** - DIN and EN standards preferred - Country-specific national standards - CE marking requirements - RoHS and REACH compliance **8.3 Asian Market** - JIS standards in Japan - GB standards in China - Growing international standard adoption - Local certification requirements --- #### **9.0 Special Grades & Modifications** **9.1 Enhanced Properties Grades** - **Low Gas Grades**: For high vacuum applications - **Fine Grain Grades**: Improved mechanical properties - **High Purity Grades**: Nuclear and medical applications - **Special Surface Grades**: Optimized for glass sealing **9.2 Application-Specific Modifications** - **Electronic Grades**: Controlled impurity levels - **Aerospace Grades**: Enhanced mechanical properties - **Medical Grades**: Biocompatibility certification - **Research Grades**: Ultra-high purity requirements --- #### **10.0 Technical Documentation & Compliance** **10.1 Certification Requirements** - **North America**: ASTM/AMS certification - **Europe**: EN 10204 3.1/3.2 certificates - **Asia**: Country-specific certification - **Global**: ISO 9001 quality systems **10.2 Testing Standards** - **Chemical Analysis**: ASTM E1473, ISO 10155 - **Mechanical Testing**: ASTM E8, ISO 6892 - **Non-Destructive Testing**: Multiple standards available - **Thermal Expansion**: ASTM E228, ISO 11359 --- #### **11.0 Industry-Specific Variations** **11.1 Aerospace Versions** - Enhanced NDT requirements - Stringent traceability - Special heat treatment lots - Premium quality levels **11.2 Electronic Versions** - Controlled surface conditions - Special cleaning requirements - Enhanced dimensional tolerances - Custom packaging --- #### **12.0 Global Compliance & Recognition** **12.1 International Recognition** - Mutual recognition agreements - Cross-border certification acceptance - Global quality system registration - International testing laboratory accreditation **12.2 Regulatory Compliance** - **Environmental**: RoHS, REACH, WEEE - **Safety**: CE marking, UL certification - **Quality**: ISO 9001, AS9100, IATF 16949 - **Industry Specific**: NADCAP, FDA, FAA --- This comprehensive specification guide demonstrates the global acceptance and standardization of Kovar/Rodar (UNS K94610) across multiple international markets and industry sectors. While minor variations exist between different national standards and proprietary specifications, all maintain the essential thermal expansion characteristics and mechanical properties that make this alloy indispensable for applications requiring reliable thermal compatibility with glass and ceramic materials in demanding technological environments worldwide.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2388 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.