Invar 36,Super Invar 32-5 Rod,UNS K93603,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs: ASTM F1684 MIL-S-16598 Tooling plate ASTM B388 Sheet & strip ASTM B753 K93050 Free-cut Invar，German Specs:WS 1.3912

**Super Invar 32-5 Rod (UNS K93603) - Technical Product Introduction** --- ### **Overview** **Super Invar 32-5 Rod** (UNS K93603) represents the rod form of the advanced iron-nickel-cobalt alloy renowned for its exceptionally low coefficient of thermal expansion. This product combines the ultra-low thermal expansion characteristics of Super Invar with the versatility of rod stock, making it ideal for machining precision components requiring exceptional dimensional stability in temperature-varying environments. --- ### **1. Chemical Composition (%)** | Element | Content | |---------|---------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 31.5-33.0 | | **Cobalt (Co)** | 4.5-5.5 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤0.05 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | ≤0.50 | | **Silicon (Si)** | ≤0.20 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤0.015 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤0.015 | | **Chromium (Cr)** | ≤0.15 | | **Aluminum (Al)** | ≤0.10 | --- ### **2. Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 8.10 g/cm³ | | **Melting Point** | 1430°C | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | **0.5-0.8 × 10⁻⁶/°C** (20-100°C) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 10.0 W/m·K | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 500 J/kg·K | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 147 GPa | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.80 μΩ·m | | **Curie Temperature** | 250°C | --- ### **3. Mechanical Properties** | Condition | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Elongation | Hardness | |-----------|------------------|----------------|------------|----------| | **Annealed** | 480-550 MPa | 280-350 MPa | 25-35% | 75-85 HRB | | **Cold Drawn** | 620-750 MPa | 550-680 MPa | 8-15% | 90-100 HRB | | **Stress-Relieved** | 520-600 MPa | 350-450 MPa | 15-25% | 80-90 HRB | --- ### **4. Product Specifications** **Diameter Range:** - **Small Diameter:** 3.0 mm to 20.0 mm - **Medium Diameter:** 20.0 mm to 50.0 mm - **Large Diameter:** 50.0 mm to 150.0 mm **Available Forms:** - **Hot Finished Rod:** As-forged condition - **Cold Drawn Rod:** Precision dimensions - **Centerless Ground:** Tight tolerances - **Turned & Polished:** Superior surface finish **Tolerances:** - **Standard Tolerance:** ±0.1 mm - **Precision Tolerance:** ±0.025 mm - **Straightness:** 1.0 mm per meter maximum --- ### **5. Product Applications** **Ultra-Precision Instrumentation:** - **Laser System Components:** Optical mounting rods and posts - **Interferometer Arms:** Reference length standards - **Metrology Equipment:** Precision guide rods and spindles - **Optical Bench Components:** Stable structural elements **Aerospace & Defense:** - **Satellite Structures:** Precision struts and supports - **Telescope Components:** Mirror mounts and alignment rods - **Guidance Systems:** Stable structural elements in IMUs - **Spacecraft Instruments:** Thermal-stable mounting rods **Semiconductor Manufacturing:** - **Wafer Handling:** Precision robotic arms and components - **Lithography Equipment:** Lens barrel components and mounts - **Inspection Systems:** Stable reference rods and guides - **Vacuum Chamber Components:** Structural support rods **Scientific Research:** - **Particle Accelerators:** Beam line components and supports - **Cryogenic Equipment:** Low-temperature structural rods - **Fundamental Physics:** Precision experimental apparatus - **Laboratory Standards:** Reference rods for calibration --- ### **6. International Standards** | Standard Body | Standard Number | Description | |---------------|-----------------|-------------| | **ASTM** | ASTM F1684-06 | Standard Specification for Rod and Bar | | **UNS** | K93603 | Unified Numbering System | | **AMS** | AMS 7726 | Aerospace Material Specification | | **JIS** | JIS NCF 3 | Japanese Industrial Standard | | **GB** | GB 4J32 | Chinese National Standard | --- ### **7. Machining & Fabrication** **Machining Guidelines:** - **Cutting Speed:** 15-25 m/min for turning operations - **Feed Rate:** 0.1-0.2 mm/rev - **Tool Geometry:** Positive rake angles essential - **Coolant:** Required for optimal tool life and surface finish **Heat Treatment Requirements:** - **Solution Treatment:** 830-850°C, rapid cool - **Stabilization:** 315-370°C for 2-4 hours - **Stress Relieving:** 425-480°C after machining - **Atmosphere Control:** Hydrogen or vacuum recommended **Special Considerations:** - **Work Hardening:** Moderate tendency, requires sharp tools - **Thermal Sensitivity:** Avoid excessive heat during machining - **Dimensional Stability:** Final heat treatment critical for performance - **Surface Integrity:** Proper finishing essential for optimal performance --- ### **8. Quality Assurance** **Mandatory Testing:** - **CTE Verification:** Dilatometer testing per ASTM E228 - **Ultrasonic Inspection:** For internal quality assessment - **Dimensional Verification:** Full compliance with specifications - **Mechanical Testing:** Tensile and hardness verification **Certification Requirements:** - **Enhanced Traceability:** Full manufacturing history - **Heat Treatment Records:** Complete thermal cycle documentation - **CTE Certification:** Actual test data for critical applications - **Third-Party Verification:** Often required for aerospace applications --- ### **9. Design Considerations** **Thermal Performance:** - Optimal CTE performance around room temperature - Requires thermal conditioning for maximum stability - Sensitive to thermal gradients during operation - Excellent long-term dimensional stability **Mechanical Design:** - Higher strength than standard Invar rods - Good fatigue resistance for dynamic applications - Excellent creep resistance at room temperature - Suitable for high-vacuum applications **Application Guidelines:** - Avoid service temperatures above 200°C - Protect from corrosive environments - Consider magnetic properties in sensitive applications - Allow for proper heat treatment after final machining --- ### **Conclusion** Super Invar 32-5 Rod (UNS K93603) offers unparalleled thermal stability in rod form, making it the material of choice for ultra-precision applications where minimal thermal expansion is critical. Its exceptional CTE characteristics, approximately three times lower than standard Invar 36, combined with good machinability and mechanical properties, make it indispensable for advanced instrumentation, aerospace, and semiconductor applications. The material's superior performance justifies the additional processing controls and costs for applications where dimensional stability at the nanometer level is required. Proper selection of diameter, condition, and adherence to recommended processing guidelines are essential for achieving optimal performance in precision components.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2418 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.