Alloy 45,Low expansion 45 Alloy Sheet,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:

**PRODUCT DATASHEET: ALLOY 45 / LOW EXPANSION 45 ALLOY SHEET** **Precision Sheet Product** --- ### **1. OVERVIEW** **Alloy 45**, commercially known as **Low Expansion 45 Alloy**, is a specialized **nickel-iron alloy** containing **45% nickel** that provides a **controlled coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)** between traditional low-expansion alloys and standard sheet materials. Supplied in **sheet form**, this product offers exceptional dimensional stability and formability for applications requiring thin, flat material with intermediate thermal expansion characteristics and excellent fabrication properties. --- ### **2. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (Weight %)** | Element | Alloy 45 Sheet Specification | Typical Range | |------------------|------------------------------|---------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 44.0 – 46.0% | 44.5 – 45.5% | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Manganese (Mn)**| 0.30 – 0.70% | 0.40 – 0.60% | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 – 0.30% | 0.20 – 0.25% | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Chromium (Cr)**| ≤ 0.15% | ≤ 0.10% | | **Copper (Cu)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Aluminum (Al)**| ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | | **Phosphorus (P)**| ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | --- ### **3. PHYSICAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES** | Property | Annealed Condition | Half-Hard Condition | |---------------------------------|--------------------|---------------------| | **CTE (20–300°C)** | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | | **Density (g/cm³)** | 8.17 | 8.17 | | **Tensile Strength (MPa)** | 480 – 580 | 580 – 680 | | **Yield Strength (MPa)** | 280 – 380 | 480 – 580 | | **Elongation (in 2")** | 28 – 38% | 12 – 18% | | **Hardness (Rockwell B)** | 68 – 82 HRB | 85 – 98 HRB | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.80 μΩ·m | 0.80 μΩ·m | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 15.0 W/m·K | 15.0 W/m·K | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 148 GPa | 148 GPa | --- ### **4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & EQUIVALENTS** | Standard Organization | Designation & Specification | |-----------------------|----------------------------| | **Proprietary** | Alloy 45, Nilo 45 | | **Custom Standards** | Customer-specific specifications | | **Similar Standards** | Based on ASTM A480 framework | | **European** | Similar to Ni45Fe series | | **Japanese** | Similar to C45N series | --- ### **5. SHEET SPECIFICATIONS** #### **5.1 Standard Sheet** - **Thickness Range**: 0.3 mm to 3.0 mm - **Width Range**: 600 mm to 1200 mm - **Length Range**: 1200 mm to 2400 mm - **Thickness Tolerance**: ±0.03 mm to ±0.12 mm - **Flatness**: 3 mm per meter maximum #### **5.2 Precision Cold-Rolled Sheet** - **Thickness Range**: 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm - **Width Range**: 300 mm to 600 mm - **Length**: Coils or cut lengths - **Thickness Tolerance**: ±0.02 mm to ±0.08 mm - **Surface Finish**: Bright annealed or skin-passed #### **5.3 Temper Conditions** - **Annealed (Soft)**: Optimal for deep drawing and forming - **Quarter-Hard**: Good formability with moderate strength - **Half-Hard**: Balanced formability and spring properties - **Hard**: Maximum strength for structural applications --- ### **6. PRODUCT APPLICATIONS** #### **6.1 Electronics & Electrical** - **Specialized Lead Frames**: Custom electronic components - **Hybrid Circuit Bases**: Intermediate CTE substrates - **Electronic Connectors**: Precision connector components - **Power Device Substrates**: Thermal management applications #### **6.2 Precision Instruments** - **Instrument Housings**: Precision equipment enclosures - **Optical Mounting Elements**: Intermediate expansion applications - **Measuring Device Components**: Dimensional measurement parts - **Laboratory Equipment**: Scientific instrument components #### **6.3 Industrial Applications** - **Thermal Management**: Heat spreader and sink components - **Compensation Elements**: Thermal stress management - **Transition Components**: Bridging different CTE materials - **Precision Mechanisms**: Timing and control devices #### **6.4 Specialized Applications** - **Glass-to-Metal Seals**: Intermediate expansion sealing - **Ceramic Substrates**: Custom package applications - **Sensor Components**: Measurement and detection devices - **Research Apparatus**: Custom scientific equipment --- ### **7. FABRICATION CHARACTERISTICS** #### **7.1 Stamping & Blanking** - **Fine Blanking**: Suitable for precision blanking operations - **Tool Clearance**: 6-9% of material thickness - **Punch-Die Alignment**: Critical for burr-free edges - **Lubrication**: Recommended for high-volume production #### **7.2 Forming & Deep Drawing** - **Deep Drawing**: Good in annealed condition - **Bend Radius**: Minimum 0.8× thickness for 90° bends - **Springback**: Predictable and consistent - **Work Hardening**: Moderate rate #### **7.3 Heat Treatment** - **Annealing**: 800-850°C in protective atmosphere - **Stress Relieving**: 550-600°C for formed components - **Atmosphere Control**: Hydrogen or vacuum recommended - **Grain Size**: Controlled to ASTM 6-8 for optimal formability --- ### **8. QUALITY ASSURANCE** #### **8.1 Dimensional Control** - **Thickness Verification**: Laser gauge monitoring during rolling - **Width Control**: Precision slitting with edge monitoring - **Flatness Measurement**: Automated flatness measurement systems - **Surface Inspection**: 100% visual inspection for critical grades #### **8.2 Material Testing** - **Chemical Analysis**: Spectrometer verification for each heat - **Mechanical Testing**: Regular tensile and hardness testing - **Surface Quality**: Controlled per customer requirements - **Grain Size Measurement**: ASTM E112 compliance #### **8.3 Certification & Traceability** - **Material Certificates**: Customer-specific certification - **Heat Number Tracking**: Full material history maintained - **Process Control**: Statistical process monitoring records - **Custom Documentation**: Application-specific requirements --- ### **9. TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES** - **Controlled Thermal Expansion**: Intermediate CTE for specialized applications - **Excellent Formability**: Good stamping and forming characteristics - **Superior Surface Quality**: Suitable for precision applications - **Good Weldability**: Compatible with resistance and laser welding - **Thermal Stability**: Maintains properties across temperature ranges - **Enhanced Strength**: Better mechanical properties vs lower nickel alloys --- ### **10. PACKAGING & DELIVERY** #### **10.1 Standard Packaging** - **Individual Sheets**: Separated with protective interleaving - **Coil Packaging**: Wooden or steel reels with edge protection - **Surface Protection**: VCI paper or plastic film wrapping - **Moisture Control**: Desiccant in sealed packages #### **10.2 Special Requirements** - **Cleanroom Packaging**: Available for critical applications - **ESD Protection**: Anti-static packaging materials - **Custom Sizes**: Precision slit to specific widths - **Just-in-Time**: Scheduled delivery programs --- **Note:** Alloy 45 sheet is typically supplied against specific customer requirements. For critical stamping or deep drawing applications, sample material is recommended for tooling development and process optimization. Technical consultation is available for specific application requirements and processing guidance.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2475 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.