Alloy 45,Low expansion 45 Alloy Forgings,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:

**PRODUCT DATASHEET: ALLOY 45 / LOW EXPANSION 45 ALLOY FORGINGS** **Precision Forged Components** --- ### **1. OVERVIEW** **Alloy 45**, commercially known as **Low Expansion 45 Alloy**, is a specialized **nickel-iron alloy** containing **45% nickel** that provides a **controlled coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)** between traditional low-expansion alloys and standard forging materials. Manufactured through **precision forging processes**, these components offer superior mechanical properties, refined grain structure, and enhanced structural integrity for demanding applications requiring intermediate thermal expansion characteristics. --- ### **2. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (Weight %)** | Element | Alloy 45 Forgings Specification | Typical Range | |------------------|--------------------------------|---------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 44.0 – 46.0% | 44.5 – 45.5% | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Manganese (Mn)**| 0.30 – 0.70% | 0.40 – 0.60% | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 – 0.30% | 0.20 – 0.25% | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Chromium (Cr)**| ≤ 0.15% | ≤ 0.10% | | **Copper (Cu)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Aluminum (Al)**| ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | | **Phosphorus (P)**| ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | --- ### **3. PHYSICAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES** | Property | As-Forged Condition | Heat-Treated Condition | |---------------------------------|--------------------|------------------------| | **CTE (20–300°C)** | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | | **Density** | 8.17 g/cm³ | 8.17 g/cm³ | | **Melting Point** | 1425 – 1450°C | 1425 – 1450°C | | **Tensile Strength** | 620 – 750 MPa | 550 – 650 MPa | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)**| 420 – 550 MPa | 320 – 420 MPa | | **Elongation (in 2")** | 18 – 28% | 25 – 35% | | **Reduction of Area** | 30 – 45% | 45 – 60% | | **Impact Strength (Charpy V)** | 30 – 50 J | 45 – 65 J | | **Hardness (Rockwell B)** | 88 – 102 HRB | 75 – 90 HRB | | **Fatigue Strength** | 260 – 300 MPa | 240 – 280 MPa | --- ### **4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & EQUIVALENTS** | Standard Organization | Designation & Specification | |-----------------------|----------------------------| | **Proprietary** | Alloy 45, Nilo 45 | | **Custom Standards** | Customer-specific specifications | | **Similar Standards** | Based on ASTM B788 framework | | **European** | Similar to Ni45Fe series | | **Japanese** | Similar to C45N series | --- ### **5. FORGING CAPABILITIES** #### **5.1 Forging Processes** - **Open Die Forgings**: 5 kg to 1500 kg capacity - **Closed Die Forgings**: Complex geometries with minimal machining - **Ring Rolling**: Diameters up to 3000 mm - **Precision Forgings**: Near-net shape components #### **5.2 Forging Temperature Range** - **Heating Temperature**: 1150 – 1250°C - **Forging Start**: 1100 – 1200°C - **Forging Finish**: ≥ 850°C - **Cooling Method**: Controlled air cooling or furnace cooling #### **5.3 Heat Treatment** - **Solution Annealing**: 850 – 950°C, controlled cooling - **Stress Relieving**: 550 – 650°C, 1-2 hours per inch thickness - **Grain Size Control**: ASTM 5-7 for optimal properties - **Quality Heat Treatment**: Certified furnace operations --- ### **6. PRODUCT APPLICATIONS** #### **6.1 Thermal Management Systems** - **Heat Exchanger Components**: Intermediate expansion applications - **Thermal Chamber Parts**: Controlled expansion requirements - **Furnace Components**: High temperature system parts - **Heat Treatment Fixtures**: Thermal processing equipment #### **6.2 Semiconductor & Electronics** - **Vacuum Chamber Flanges**: Intermediate CTE sealing applications - **Process Module Components**: Semiconductor equipment parts - **Wafer Handling Elements**: Precision handling components - **Gas System Manifolds**: Process gas distribution parts #### **6.3 Aerospace & Defense** - **Satellite Components**: Structural mounting elements - **Avionics Housings**: Instrument enclosure parts - **Optical System Mounts**: Intermediate expansion applications - **Radar Components**: Waveguide and antenna elements #### **6.4 Industrial Equipment** - **Glass Processing Machinery**: Thermal system components - **Precision Instrument Frames**: Measurement equipment parts - **Laser System Components**: Optical bench and mount elements - **Cryogenic Equipment**: Low temperature system parts --- ### **7. TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES** #### **7.1 Metallurgical Benefits** - **Refined Grain Structure**: Superior to cast or wrought products - **Improved Density**: Elimination of internal porosity - **Enhanced Mechanical Properties**: Superior strength and toughness - **Optimal Grain Flow**: Contoured to component shape for maximum strength #### **7.2 Performance Advantages** - **Superior Fatigue Resistance**: Ideal for cyclic loading applications - **Enhanced Impact Toughness**: Suitable for shock load conditions - **Better Stress Distribution**: Uniform properties throughout cross-section - **Improved Reliability**: Consistent performance in critical applications --- ### **8. QUALITY ASSURANCE** #### **8.1 Material Certification** - **Chemical Analysis**: Certified spectrographic analysis - **Mechanical Testing**: Full suite of mechanical property tests - **Metallurgical Examination**: Grain size and microstructure analysis - **Non-Destructive Testing**: UT, RT, MT, PT as specified #### **8.2 Dimensional Control** - **First Article Inspection**: Comprehensive dimensional verification - **Process Control**: Statistical monitoring of forging parameters - **Final Inspection**: 100% dimensional and surface inspection - **Documentation**: Complete inspection records and certifications #### **8.3 Testing Capabilities** - **Ultrasonic Testing**: Per ASTM A388 for internal quality - **Magnetic Particle**: Per ASTM E709 for surface defects - **Liquid Penetrant**: Per ASTM E165 for non-magnetic applications - **Radiographic Testing**: Per ASTM E94 for critical sections --- ### **9. DESIGN & ENGINEERING SUPPORT** #### **9.1 Technical Services** - **Forging Design**: Optimization for manufacturability and performance - **Process Simulation**: Finite element analysis of forging process - **Material Selection**: Guidance on heat treatment and processing - **Application Engineering**: Component design and optimization #### **9.2 Custom Capabilities** - **Prototype Development**: Small quantity prototype forgings - **Material Testing**: Specialized testing for specific applications - **Custom Heat Treatment**: Tailored thermal processing - **Special Testing**: Application-specific validation testing --- ### **10. INDUSTRY COMPLIANCE** - **Aerospace**: Customer-specific aerospace standards - **Nuclear**: Special nuclear application requirements - **Defense**: Military and defense specifications - **Commercial**: Customer quality system requirements - **Documentation**: Full material and process traceability --- **Note:** Alloy 45 forgings are typically supplied against specific customer requirements. Forging design and process parameters significantly impact final component properties. Early consultation with our engineering team is recommended to optimize design for forging and ensure maximum performance in your specific application. Prototype development and testing services available for new applications.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2478 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.