Alloy 28，Incoloy 028 Wire，UNS N08028,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:WS 1.4563

### **Product Introduction: Alloy 28 (UNS N08028) Wire** **Alloy 28 Wire** is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy product form known for its exceptional corrosion resistance combined with high ductility and strength. Also referred to as **Incoloy 028** wire, this product is supplied in various conditions (annealed, or hard-drawn) and surface finishes to suit a wide range of demanding applications. From serving as a welding filler metal to being woven into critical filter cloths or formed into sturdy fasteners, Alloy 28 wire brings the alloy's renowned resistance to sulfuric acid and chloride-containing environments into a versatile, linear form. --- ### **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** The composition is tightly controlled to ensure consistent performance in corrosive environments. | Element | Content (%) | Role in the Alloy | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 29.0 - 32.0 | Base element for general corrosion resistance and austenitic structure. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 26.0 - 28.0 | Provides resistance to oxidizing corrosives. | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | - | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 3.0 - 4.0 | Essential for resisting pitting and crevice corrosion. | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.6 - 1.4 | Imparts specific resistance to sulfuric acid. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | ≤ 2.0 | - | | **Silicon (Si)** | ≤ 1.0 | Enhances resistance to oxidizing acids. | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤ 0.030 | Low level prevents sensitization. | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.030 | - | **Key Feature:** The balanced composition provides a high Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN), making it suitable for aggressive acidic and chloride-laden services. --- ### **Physical & Mechanical Properties** Properties can vary depending on the wire's final condition (annealed vs. hard-drawn). | Property | Annealed Condition | Hard-Drawn Condition | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.0 g/cm³ | 8.0 g/cm³ | | **Melting Point** | 1370 - 1400 °C | 1370 - 1400 °C | | **Thermal Expansion** | 14.2 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | 14.2 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | **Tensile Strength** | ~ 550 - 690 MPa | ~ 790 - 1000 MPa | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | ~ 240 MPa | ~ 620 MPa | | **Elongation** | 35% min | 15 - 25% | | **Key Characteristics** | **High Ductility, Excellent Formability** | **High Strength, Good Spring Properties** | --- ### **Standard Specifications and Forms** Alloy 28 wire is produced to meet various international standards for different applications. **International Standards:** | Application | Standard Number | Title | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Wire General** | ASTM B581 | *Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy (UNS N08028) Rod and Bar & Wire* | | **Welding Electrode** | AWS A5.11 / A5.11M | *Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding* (Electrode Classification: **ENiCrMo-4**) | | **Welding Filler Wire** | AWS A5.14 / A5.14M | *Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods* (Filler Metal Classification: **ERNiCrMo-4**) | | **ASME Code** | SFA-5.11 / SFA-5.14 | ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code versions of the AWS standards. | **Available Wire Forms:** * **Spools & Coils:** For continuous feeding in welding, weaving, or spring coiling processes. * **Straight Lengths:** For fasteners, pin stock, or specific fabrication needs. * **Diameters:** Typically available from fine sizes like 0.5mm (0.020") up to several millimeters. * **Surface Finish:** Bright, pickled, or cleaned. --- ### **Product Applications** The primary uses for Alloy 28 wire leverage its corrosion resistance, formability, and strength. 1. **Welding Consumables (Primary Application):** * **Filler Metal:** Used for GTAW (TIG) and GMAW (MIG) welding of Alloy 28 itself, and for joining dissimilar metals or cladding steel with a corrosion-resistant layer. * **Welding Electrodes:** Coated electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW or "Stick" welding) of Alloy 28 components in the field. 2. **Wire Mesh & Filter Cloth:** * Woven into filters for highly corrosive chemical processing applications, such as filtering hot sulfuric acid or aggressive process streams in phosphoric acid plants. * Used in sieve trays and demister pads in refinery and chemical processing columns. 3. **Fasteners & Hardware:** * Manufactured into nuts, bolts, screws, and pins that must withstand corrosive atmospheres where standard stainless steels (e.g., 316) would fail. Essential for critical joints in flanges and pressure vessels. 4. **Springs & Formed Wire Components:** * In the hard-drawn condition, it is used to coil springs for use in control valves, chemical instruments, and other equipment where reliable performance in a corrosive environment is required. 5. **Heating Elements & Electrical Components:** * Used in resistance heating elements for industrial furnaces, especially in mildly oxidizing or corrosive atmospheres. * Serves as lead wires and conductive components in corrosive electrical applications. 6. **Studded/Lined Systems:** * The wire can be used as studs for arc-spraying or for attaching brick linings to vessels in high-temperature, corrosive service. --- ### **Fabrication Notes** * **Welding:** Excellent weldability by all common methods. Use matching filler metals (ERNiCrMo-4) for optimal corrosion resistance in the weldment. * **Forming:** Annealed wire is very ductile and can be easily bent, coiled, or shaped. Hard-drawn wire requires more force and may need annealing after severe forming. * **Pickling:** A standard nitric-hydrofluoric acid pickling solution is used to remove scale formed during heat treatment and restore the full corrosion-resistant surface. ### **Other / Similar Alloys in Wire Form** * **Alloy 20 Wire (UNS N08020):** For less severe chloride environments, primarily for sulfuric acid service. * **Incoloy 825 Wire (UNS N08825):** Similar but stabilized with Titanium; excellent for both oxidizing and reducing acids. * **Hastelloy C-276 Wire (UNS N10276):** For the most severe oxidizing and mixed acid environments. * **ERNiCrMo-3 (Alloy 625) Wire:** Offers higher strength and better resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. **Conclusion:** **Alloy 28 (UNS N08028) Wire** is a highly versatile and critical product form that enables the fabrication, joining, and operation of equipment in the world's most aggressive industrial environments. Its availability as a welding consumable, weaving wire, and fastener material makes it an indispensable engineering solution for the chemical processing, oil & gas, and pollution control industries.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2702 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.