C 400 Nickel-Copper Alloy,UNS N04400,,E FORU

### **Product Introduction: C-400 Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400)** **C-400 Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400)**, commonly known as Monel 400, is a solid-solution strengthened nickel-copper alloy renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance in a wide range of corrosive environments. This versatile alloy offers outstanding performance in both oxidizing and reducing conditions, demonstrating particular excellence in seawater, hydrofluoric acid, alkaline solutions, and various chemical processing environments. The alloy maintains good mechanical properties from cryogenic temperatures up to approximately 480°C (900°F), making it suitable for diverse applications across marine, chemical processing, and aerospace industries. The alloy's balanced composition provides reliable performance where other materials might fail, combining the corrosion resistance of nickel with the strength and toughness contributed by copper, while maintaining excellent fabricability and consistent service life. --- #### **1. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** The chemical composition of C-400 Nickel-Copper Alloy per UNS N04400 is as follows: | Element | Content (%) | Element | Content (%) | |---------|-------------|---------|-------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 63.0 - 70.0 | **Copper (Cu)** | 28.0 - 34.0 | | **Iron (Fe)** | 2.5 max | **Manganese (Mn)** | 2.0 max | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.3 max | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.5 max | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.024 max | **Other Elements** | 0.5 max | --- #### **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** **Physical Properties:** | Property | Metric Units | Imperial Units | |----------|-----------------|------| | **Density** | 8.80 g/cm³ | 0.318 lb/in³ | | **Melting Range** | 1300 - 1350 °C | 2370 - 2460 °F | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 21.8 W/m·K | 151 Btu·in/hr·ft²·°F | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 13.9 μm/m·°C | 7.7 μin/in·°F | | **Specific Heat** | 427 J/kg·K | 0.102 Btu/lb·°F | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.51 μΩ·m | - | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 179 GPa | 26.0 x 10⁶ psi | **Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition):** | Property | Value | |----------|-----------------| | **Tensile Strength** | 480 - 620 MPa | 70 - 90 ksi | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 170 - 345 MPa | 25 - 50 ksi | | **Elongation** | 35 - 50% | | **Hardness (Rockwell B)** | 65 - 85 HRB | **Cryogenic Properties (at -196°C/-321°F):** | **Tensile Strength** | 860 MPa | 125 ksi | | **Yield Strength** | 480 MPa | 70 ksi | | **Elongation** | 40% | --- #### **3. Key Characteristics & Product Applications** **Key Characteristics:** - **Excellent Corrosion Resistance**: Outstanding performance in seawater, acids, and alkaline solutions - **Good Mechanical Properties**: Balanced combination of strength and ductility across wide temperature range - **Superior Resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking**: Excellent performance in chloride-containing environments - **Good Thermal Conductivity**: Efficient heat transfer capabilities - **Excellent Fabricability**: Good weldability, formability, and machinability - **Magnetic Properties**: Essentially non-magnetic below Curie temperature **Product Applications:** C-400 Nickel-Copper Alloy serves critical functions across multiple industries: - **Marine Engineering**: - Seawater piping systems and pumps - Heat exchangers and condensers - Marine propeller shafts - Offshore platform components - **Chemical Processing**: - Hydrofluoric acid production equipment - Sulfuric acid handling systems - Chemical reaction vessels - Process piping and valves - **Oil & Gas Industry**: - Downhole instrumentation - Wellhead components - Process equipment in sour service - Heat exchanger tubing - **Aerospace & Defense**: - Aircraft fuel and hydraulic line components - Fasteners and structural components - Engine cooling system parts - Rocket components --- #### **4. International Standards & Specifications** C-400 Nickel-Copper Alloy complies with the following international standards: **Primary Specifications:** - **UNS N04400**: Unified Numbering System - **ASTM B127**: Plate, Sheet, and Strip - **ASTM B164**: Rod, Bar, and Wire - **ASTM B165**: Seamless Pipe and Tube - **ASTM B564**: Forgings **International Equivalents:** - **EN**: 2.4360 (NiCu30Fe) - **DIN**: 2.4360 - **JIS**: NW 4400 - **ISO**: 6208 (NW 4400) - **AMS**: 4574, 4675, 4730 (Aerospace Material Specifications) --- #### **Summary of Key Advantages** - **Versatile Corrosion Resistance**: Excellent performance across diverse corrosive media including acids, alkalis, and salts - **Proven Reliability**: Long service history in demanding marine and chemical environments - **Broad Temperature Capability**: Suitable for cryogenic to elevated temperature applications - **Excellent Fabricability**: Easy to weld, form, and machine using standard techniques - **Comprehensive Standardization**: Widely recognized and specified across international standards - **Cost-Effective Performance**: Provides reliable corrosion resistance at competitive cost **Technical Note**: C-400 Nickel-Copper Alloy can be readily welded using common processes such as GTAW, GMAW, and SMAW with matching filler metals. The alloy work hardens during cold forming operations, requiring intermediate annealing for severe deformations. It maintains good mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures while offering excellent resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. The material demonstrates particular excellence in resisting corrosion by seawater, hydrofluoric acid (in both aerated and unaerated conditions), and alkaline solutions. Proper cleaning and handling procedures should be maintained to prevent surface contamination that could affect corrosion performance in critical applications.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3186 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.