Hastelloy C-2000® alloy,1

### **Hastelloy® C-2000® Alloy (UNS N06200) - Versatile Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloy** #### **Overview** **Hastelloy® C-2000® Alloy** represents a significant advancement in the C-family of nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys, engineered to deliver unprecedented versatility across both oxidizing and reducing corrosive environments. This alloy combines the benefits of 23% chromium for exceptional oxidizing corrosion resistance with the addition of 1.6% copper to enhance performance in reducing media, particularly sulfuric acid. The optimized chemical composition establishes a new benchmark for corrosion-resistant alloys, offering wider application range and improved cost-effectiveness through extended service life. --- #### **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Content (%) | Function | |---------|-------------|-----------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | **Balance** | **Base element providing corrosion resistance and matrix stability** | | **Chromium (Cr)** | **22.0-24.0** | **Primary element for oxidizing corrosion resistance through Cr₂O₃ scale** | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **15.0-17.0** | **Key element for resistance to reducing media and localized corrosion** | | **Copper (Cu)** | **1.3-1.9** | **Enhances resistance to sulfuric acid and other reducing environments** | | **Tungsten (W)** | **-** | **Not present in this alloy** | | **Iron (Fe)** | **≤ 3.0** | **Controlled impurity** | | **Cobalt (Co)** | **≤ 2.0** | **Controlled impurity** | | **Manganese (Mn)** | **≤ 0.50** | **Deoxidizer** | | **Aluminum (Al)** | **≤ 0.50** | **Controlled impurity** | | **Silicon (Si)** | **≤ 0.08** | **Strictly controlled to prevent intermetallic formation** | | **Carbon (C)** | **≤ 0.01** | **Minimized to prevent carbide precipitation** | | **Phosphorus (P)** | **≤ 0.025** | **Controlled impurity** | | **Sulfur (S)** | **≤ 0.01** | **Controlled impurity** | --- #### **Physical Properties** | Property | Value / Description | |----------|---------------------| | **Density** | **8.50 g/cm³ (0.307 lb/in³)** | | **Melting Range** | **1350-1380°C (2460-2520°F)** | | **Electrical Resistivity** | **1.18 μΩ·m** | | **Thermal Conductivity** | **11.6 W/m·K (at 100°C)** | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | **11.9 μm/m·°C (20-100°C)** | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | **427 J/kg·K** | | **Magnetic Permeability** | **< 1.001 (essentially non-magnetic)** | --- #### **Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)** | Temperature | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%) | Elongation | |-------------|------------------|---------------------|------------| | **Room Temperature** | **758 MPa (110 ksi)** | **352 MPa (51 ksi)** | **62%** | | **200°C (392°F)** | **690 MPa (100 ksi)** | **325 MPa (47 ksi)** | **58%** | | **400°C (752°F)** | **655 MPa (95 ksi)** | **310 MPa (45 ksi)** | **55%** | | **600°C (1112°F)** | **620 MPa (90 ksi)** | **295 MPa (43 ksi)** | **52%** | --- #### **Corrosion Resistance Performance** | Environment | Performance | Temperature Limit | |-------------|-------------|-------------------| | **Hydrochloric Acid** | **Excellent** | **All concentrations and temperatures** | | **Sulfuric Acid** | **Outstanding** | **0-98% concentration, wide temperature range** | | **Oxidizing Media** | **Excellent** | **Nitric acid, oxidizing salts** | | **Localized Corrosion** | **Superior** | **Exceptional pitting and crevice corrosion resistance** | | **Mixed Acid Environments** | **Excellent** | **Complex chemical processes** | --- #### **Key Characteristics & Applications** **Key Characteristics:** - **Unprecedented Versatility**: Excellent performance in both oxidizing and reducing environments - **Enhanced Sulfuric Acid Resistance**: Copper addition provides superior performance - **Excellent Localized Corrosion Resistance**: Outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion - **Good Thermal Stability**: Maintains properties at elevated temperatures - **Excellent Fabricability**: Can be welded and formed using standard techniques - **Optimized Cost-Performance Ratio**: Extended service life reduces overall costs **Typical Applications:** - **Chemical Processing**: Reactors, heat exchangers, and distillation columns handling mixed acids - **Pharmaceutical Industry**: Reaction vessels and purification systems - **Pollution Control**: Flue gas desulfurization systems and scrubbers - **Pulp and Paper Industry**: Bleach plants and chemical recovery systems - **Metal Pickling**: Equipment for mixed acid pickling operations - **Fine Chemical Production**: Specialized reactors and handling systems - **Waste Treatment**: Incineration and neutralization systems --- #### **International Standards & Specifications** | Standard | Designation | Description | |----------|-------------|-------------| | **UNS** | **N06200** | **Unified Numbering System** | | **ASME** | **Boiler Code** | **Approved for pressure vessel applications** | | **ASTM** | **B575** | **Plate, Sheet, and Strip** | | **ASTM** | **B574** | **Rod and Bar** | | **ASTM** | **B622** | **Seamless Pipe and Tube** | | **ASTM** | **B619** | **Welded Pipe** | | **ASTM** | **B626** | **Welded Tube** | | **DIN** | **2.4675** | **German Standard** | --- #### **Manufacturing & Processing** **Available Forms:** - **Plate and Sheet**: 0.5 mm to 100 mm thickness - **Bar and Rod**: 3 mm to 300 mm diameter - **Pipe and Tube**: 6 mm to 600 mm diameter - **Wire and Strip**: Various sizes for specialized applications - **Fittings and Flanges**: Complete piping system components **Processing Guidelines:** - **Hot Working**: 1150-1200°C (2100-2190°F) - **Cold Working**: Excellent capability with intermediate annealing - **Solution Annealing**: 1150-1175°C (2100-2145°F) with rapid cooling - **Welding**: Excellent weldability using GTAW, GMAW with matching filler metals - **Machining**: Similar to other nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys --- #### **Quality Control & Testing** - **Chemical Analysis**: Per ASTM E1473 - **Mechanical Testing**: Per ASTM E8/E8M - **Corrosion Testing**: ASTM G28, G48, G61 methods - **Non-Destructive Testing**: UT, RT, PT, ET as required - **Metallographic Examination**: Per ASTM E3 for microstructure evaluation - **Intergranular Corrosion Testing**: ASTM G28 Method A --- #### **Comparison with Competitive Alloys** | Property | C-2000 | C-276 | C-22 | 625 | |----------|--------|-------|------|-----| | **Chromium Content** | **23%** | **16%** | **22%** | **21.5%** | | **Copper Content** | **1.6%** | **-** | **-** | **-** | | **Oxidizing Media** | **Excellent** | **Good** | **Excellent** | **Excellent** | | **Reducing Media** | **Excellent** | **Excellent** | **Very Good** | **Good** | | **Versatility** | **Superior** | **Very Good** | **Excellent** | **Good** | --- #### **Summary** **Hastelloy® C-2000® Alloy (UNS N06200)** represents a groundbreaking advancement in corrosion-resistant alloy technology, offering unparalleled versatility across the complete spectrum of corrosive environments. The strategic combination of 23% chromium for oxidizing resistance and 1.6% copper for enhanced reducing acid performance creates an alloy with wider application range than any previous C-type alloy. Supported by comprehensive international standardization and extensive field experience, C-2000 delivers reliable performance in the most demanding chemical processing, pollution control, and industrial applications. Its exceptional balance of properties, combined with good fabricability and proven service performance, establishes it as the premier choice for applications requiring reliable performance in both oxidizing and reducing environments, ultimately providing superior cost-effectiveness through extended service life and reduced maintenance requirements.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3247 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.