Aperam Nickel 201 Resistant Alloys Nickel Alloys，1

### **Product Introduction: Aperam Nickel 201 - Low Carbon Commercial Pure Nickel** **Overview** Aperam Nickel 201 is a low-carbon version of commercially pure nickel, specifically designed for applications requiring superior performance at elevated temperatures. With a nickel content of 99.0% minimum and a carefully controlled low carbon content, this alloy offers excellent resistance to corrosion and oxidation while maintaining exceptional thermal stability. Nickel 201 is particularly suitable for high-temperature applications up to 600°C (1112°F) where the standard Nickel 200 might be susceptible to graphitization and embrittlement. --- #### **Chemical Composition (Typical % by Weight)** | Element | Content (%) | Role & Benefit | |---------|-------------|---------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 99.0 min | Primary element providing corrosion resistance and structural integrity | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.02 max | Low carbon prevents graphitization and embrittlement at high temperatures | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.25 max | Controlled residual element | | **Iron (Fe)** | 0.40 max | Maintains purity and corrosion resistance | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.35 max | Enhances manufacturability and hot workability | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.35 max | Process control element | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.01 max | Minimized to prevent hot shortness | | **Magnesium (Mg)** | 0.15-0.25 | Improves elevated temperature stability | *Note: This alloy corresponds to UNS N02201/W.Nr. 2.4061/ASTM B160.* --- #### **Physical & Mechanical Properties** **Physical Properties:** - Density: 8.89 g/cm³ (0.321 lb/in³) - Melting Range: 1435-1445°C (2615-2633°F) - Thermal Expansion: 13.3 μm/m·°C @ 20-100°C - Thermal Conductivity: 70 W/m·K @ 100°C - Electrical Resistivity: 0.086 μΩ·m at 20°C - Magnetic Response: Essentially non-magnetic (<1.01 μ) - Curie Temperature: 353°C (667°F) **Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition):** - Tensile Strength: 380-550 MPa (55-80 ksi) - Yield Strength (0.2% Offset): 150-250 MPa (22-36 ksi) - Elongation: 40-50% - Hardness: HRB 45-70 - Modulus of Elasticity: 204 GPa (29.5 x 10⁶ psi) --- #### **International Standards and Specifications** - **ASTM B160:** Nickel Rod and Bar - **ASTM B161:** Nickel Seamless Pipe and Tube - **ASTM B162:** Nickel Plate, Sheet, and Strip - **ASME SB-160/SB-161/SB-162:** Pressure vessel applications - **AMS 5555:** Aerospace Material Specification - **EN 2.4061/2.4068:** European material designations - **DIN 17740:** Wrought nickel and nickel alloys - **ISO 6208:** Wrought nickel and nickel alloys --- #### **Product Applications** **High-Temperature Chemical Processing:** - Caustic evaporation equipment - Chemical reaction vessels operating above 315°C (600°F) - High-temperature halogen gas handling systems - Fused salt processing equipment - High-purity chemical production systems **Electrical and Electronic Applications:** - Electron tube components requiring thermal stability - Transmitter and power tube parts - Electrical resistance elements for high-temperature service - Electronic components in elevated temperature environments - Semiconductor manufacturing equipment **Aerospace and Defense:** - Aerospace components requiring high-temperature stability - Rocket motor components - High-temperature instrumentation - Satellite and spacecraft components - Military electronics systems **Other Specialized Applications:** - Food processing equipment - Pharmaceutical production systems - High-temperature heat exchangers - Nuclear reactor components - Scientific research equipment --- #### **Key Advantages** 1. **Superior High-Temperature Stability**: Excellent resistance to graphitization and embrittlement up to 600°C (1112°F) 2. **Excellent Corrosion Resistance**: Outstanding performance in various corrosive environments, particularly alkaline solutions 3. **Low Carbon Content**: Prevents embrittlement at elevated temperatures 4. **Good Electrical and Thermal Conductivity**: Superior conductive properties 5. **Excellent Mechanical Properties**: Balanced combination of strength and ductility 6. **Good Fabricability**: Excellent welding, brazing, and forming characteristics 7. **Magnetic Properties**: Essentially non-magnetic below Curie temperature 8. **Proven Reliability**: Extensive service history in demanding high-temperature applications --- **Conclusion** Aperam Nickel 201 represents the premium choice for high-temperature applications requiring the exceptional properties of commercially pure nickel. Its low carbon composition specifically addresses the limitations of standard pure nickel alloys at elevated temperatures, providing superior resistance to graphitization and maintaining mechanical integrity in demanding service conditions. The alloy's excellent combination of corrosion resistance, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity makes it indispensable for critical applications in chemical processing, electronics, aerospace, and specialized industrial equipment. Supported by comprehensive international standards and rigorous quality control, Nickel 201 continues to deliver reliable performance and long-term durability in applications where material stability at elevated temperatures is paramount.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3430 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.