Alloy 45,Low expansion 45 Alloy Bar(Round bar, Flat bar),,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:

**PRODUCT DATASHEET: ALLOY 45 / LOW EXPANSION 45 ALLOY BAR** **Round Bar & Flat Bar Products** --- ### **1. OVERVIEW** **Alloy 45**, commercially known as **Low Expansion 45 Alloy**, is a specialized **nickel-iron alloy** containing **45% nickel** that provides a **controlled coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)** between traditional low-expansion alloys and standard structural materials. Supplied in both **round bar and flat bar** forms, this product offers excellent machinability and thermal stability for applications requiring intermediate expansion characteristics with robust mechanical properties. --- ### **2. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (Weight %)** | Element | Alloy 45 Bar Specification | Typical Range | |------------------|----------------------------|---------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 44.0 – 46.0% | 44.5 – 45.5% | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Manganese (Mn)**| 0.30 – 0.70% | 0.40 – 0.60% | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 – 0.30% | 0.20 – 0.25% | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Chromium (Cr)**| ≤ 0.15% | ≤ 0.10% | | **Copper (Cu)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Aluminum (Al)**| ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | | **Phosphorus (P)**| ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | --- ### **3. PHYSICAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES** | Property | Round Bar (Annealed) | Flat Bar (Annealed) | |---------------------------------|----------------------|---------------------| | **CTE (20–300°C)** | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | | **Density** | 8.17 g/cm³ | 8.17 g/cm³ | | **Melting Point** | 1425 – 1450°C | 1425 – 1450°C | | **Tensile Strength** | 550 – 650 MPa | 570 – 670 MPa | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)**| 320 – 420 MPa | 340 – 440 MPa | | **Elongation (in 2")** | 25 – 35% | 22 – 32% | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 148 GPa | 148 GPa | | **Hardness (Rockwell B)** | 75 – 90 HRB | 78 – 92 HRB | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.80 μΩ·m | 0.80 μΩ·m | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 15.0 W/m·K | 15.0 W/m·K | --- ### **4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & EQUIVALENTS** | Standard Organization | Designation & Specification | |-----------------------|----------------------------| | **Proprietary** | Alloy 45, Nilo 45 | | **Custom Standards** | Customer-specific specifications | | **Similar Standards** | Based on ASTM A276 framework | | **European** | Similar to Ni45Fe series | | **Japanese** | Similar to C45N series | --- ### **5. PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS** #### **5.1 Round Bar Specifications** - **Diameter Range**: 5.0 mm to 150 mm - **Diameter Tolerance**: h9 (±0.03 mm to ±0.10 mm) - **Straightness**: 0.5 mm per 300 mm maximum - **Surface Finish**: Hot-rolled, cold-drawn, or turned - **Standard Lengths**: 3.0 m, 3.66 m, 4.0 m, 6.0 m #### **5.2 Flat Bar Specifications** - **Thickness Range**: 3.0 mm to 80 mm - **Width Range**: 15 mm to 250 mm - **Thickness Tolerance**: ±0.15 mm to ±0.60 mm - **Width Tolerance**: ±0.5 mm to ±1.5 mm - **Squareness**: 0.5° maximum deviation #### **5.3 Available Conditions** - **Hot-Rolled**: As-rolled with scale, annealed - **Cold-Drawn**: Smooth finish, close tolerances - **Annealed**: Soft condition for machining - **Stress-Relieved**: For dimensional stability --- ### **6. PRODUCT APPLICATIONS** #### **6.1 Round Bar Applications** - **Precision Shafts**: Instrumentation and optical equipment - **Machined Pins**: Custom connector and alignment components - **Sealing Elements**: Intermediate CTE sealing applications - **Support Rods**: Structural elements in thermal systems - **Tooling Components**: Jig and fixture elements #### **6.2 Flat Bar Applications** - **Mounting Brackets**: Electronic and optical mounting systems - **Structural Frames**: Instrument chassis and framework - **Base Plates**: Precision equipment foundation components - **Heat Sink Bases**: Thermal management substrates - **Spacer Bars**: Precision spacing elements #### **6.3 Specialized Applications** - **Transition Components**: Bridging different CTE materials - **Compensation Elements**: Thermal stress management - **Calibration Standards**: Metrology and reference components - **Research Apparatus**: Scientific instrument structural parts --- ### **7. MACHINING & FABRICATION** #### **7.1 Machinability** - **Machinability Rating**: 35% (relative to 1212 steel) - **Recommended Tools**: Carbide or high-speed steel with positive rake - **Cutting Speeds**: 35-60 m/min for turning operations - **Feed Rates**: 0.15-0.35 mm/rev for optimal finish - **Coolant**: Recommended for all machining operations #### **7.2 Forming & Welding** - **Bend Radius**: Minimum 2× thickness for flat bar - **Weldability**: Good with TIG and MIG processes - **Filler Metal**: Matching composition recommended - **Preheat**: Generally not required for sections under 30 mm #### **7.3 Heat Treatment** - **Annealing Temperature**: 800-900°C, controlled cooling - **Stress Relieving**: 550-650°C, 1 hour per 25 mm thickness - **Atmosphere**: Protective atmosphere for scale-free results - **Grain Size**: Controlled to ASTM 5-8 for optimal properties --- ### **8. QUALITY ASSURANCE** #### **8.1 Material Certification** - **Chemical Analysis**: Certified spectrographic analysis - **Mechanical Testing**: Tensile and hardness certification - **Dimensional Verification**: 100% inspection to specifications - **Surface Quality**: Visual inspection per applicable standards #### **8.2 Testing Capabilities** - **Ultrasonic Testing**: For internal quality assessment - **Macroetch Examination**: For internal soundness verification - **Grain Size Analysis**: ASTM E112 compliance - **CTE Measurement**: Precision thermal expansion verification #### **8.3 Traceability** - **Heat Number Tracking**: Full material history maintained - **Process Certificates**: Customer-specific certification - **Process Documentation**: Complete manufacturing records - **Custom Marking**: Customer-specific identification available --- ### **9. TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES** - **Controlled Thermal Expansion**: Intermediate CTE for specialized applications - **Excellent Machinability**: Good chip formation and surface finish - **Superior Strength**: Enhanced mechanical properties vs lower nickel alloys - **Thermal Stability**: Consistent performance across temperature ranges - **Good Weldability**: Compatible with standard welding processes - **Customizable Properties**: Tailored to specific application requirements --- ### **10. PACKAGING & DELIVERY** - **Protective Packaging**: Individual wrapping or bundling - **Surface Protection**: Oiled or VCI paper for corrosion prevention - **Clear Identification**: Specification and heat number marking - **Standard Lengths**: Stock lengths or cut-to-size availability - **Special Requirements**: Custom packaging available --- **Note:** Alloy 45 bar products are typically supplied against specific customer requirements. Consultation with our technical team is recommended for applications requiring precise thermal expansion characteristics or specialized processing. Material samples and technical data sheets available for evaluation and design purposes.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2471 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.