Alloy 45,Low expansion 45 Alloy Rod,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:

**PRODUCT DATASHEET: ALLOY 45 / LOW EXPANSION 45 ALLOY ROD** **Controlled Expansion Nickel-Iron Alloy Rod** --- ### **1. OVERVIEW** **Alloy 45**, commercially known as **Low Expansion 45 Alloy**, is a specialized **nickel-iron alloy** containing **45% nickel** that delivers a **controlled coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)** between standard Alloy 42 and higher nickel-content alloys. Supplied in **rod form**, this product provides excellent machinability and dimensional stability for precision components requiring intermediate thermal expansion characteristics. The alloy bridges the gap between low expansion and standard metallic materials in specialized applications. --- ### **2. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (Weight %)** | Element | Alloy 45 Rod Specification | Typical Range | |------------------|----------------------------|---------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 44.0 – 46.0% | 44.5 – 45.5% | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Manganese (Mn)**| 0.30 – 0.70% | 0.40 – 0.60% | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 – 0.30% | 0.20 – 0.25% | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Chromium (Cr)**| ≤ 0.15% | ≤ 0.10% | | **Copper (Cu)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Aluminum (Al)**| ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | | **Phosphorus (P)**| ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | --- ### **3. PHYSICAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES** | Property | As-Drawn Condition | Annealed Condition | |---------------------------------|--------------------|--------------------| | **CTE (20–300°C)** | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | | **Density** | 8.17 g/cm³ | 8.17 g/cm³ | | **Melting Point** | 1425 – 1450°C | 1425 – 1450°C | | **Tensile Strength** | 600 – 750 MPa | 500 – 600 MPa | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)**| 450 – 600 MPa | 280 – 380 MPa | | **Elongation (in 4D)** | 15 – 25% | 25 – 35% | | **Reduction of Area** | 35 – 50% | 45 – 60% | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 148 GPa | 148 GPa | | **Hardness (Rockwell B)** | 85 – 100 HRB | 70 – 85 HRB | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.80 μΩ·m | 0.80 μΩ·m | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 15.0 W/m·K | 15.0 W/m·K | --- ### **4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & EQUIVALENTS** | Standard Organization | Designation & Specification | |-----------------------|----------------------------| | **Proprietary** | Alloy 45, Nilo 45 | | **Custom Standards** | Customer-specific specifications | | **Similar Standards** | Based on ASTM F30 framework | | **European** | Similar to Ni45Fe series | | **Japanese** | Similar to C45N series | | **Rod Standards** | Based on ASTM B908 framework | --- ### **5. ROD SPECIFICATIONS** #### **5.1 Diameter Ranges & Tolerances** - **Small Diameter**: 3.0 mm to 12.0 mm (±0.05 mm) - **Medium Diameter**: 12.0 mm to 50.0 mm (±0.08 mm) - **Large Diameter**: 50.0 mm to 100.0 mm (±0.13 mm) - **Special Sizes**: Custom diameters available on request #### **5.2 Straightness & Surface Finish** - **Straightness Tolerance**: 0.5 mm per 300 mm length - **Surface Roughness**: Ra 3.2 μm (as-drawn), Ra 1.6 μm (turned) - **Surface Condition**: Bright, scaled, or pickled finish available - **Out-of-Roundness**: ≤ 50% of diameter tolerance #### **5.3 Length & Cutting** - **Standard Lengths**: 3.0 meters, 3.66 meters, 4.0 meters - **Cut Lengths**: ±3 mm tolerance on specified lengths - **Custom Cutting**: Precision cutting to customer requirements - **End Finish**: Saw-cut, machined, or deburred --- ### **6. PRODUCT APPLICATIONS** #### **6.1 Electronics & Semiconductor** - **Specialized Lead Frame Pins**: Custom connector applications - **Semiconductor Tooling**: Wafer handling components - **Vacuum Feedthroughs**: Intermediate CTE sealing applications - **Chip Carrier Components**: Custom package elements #### **6.2 Precision Instruments** - **Measuring Standards**: Custom gauge pins and references - **Optical Mounting Posts**: Intermediate expansion applications - **Laboratory Apparatus**: Scientific instrument components - **Alignment Pins**: Precision locating elements #### **6.3 Specialized Sealing Applications** - **Technical Glass Seals**: For specific glass compositions - **Ceramic-Metal Joints**: Intermediate expansion interfaces - **Transition Components**: Bridging different CTE materials - **Compensation Elements**: Thermal stress management #### **6.4 Industrial Components** - **Sensor Shafts**: Rotating elements in measurement devices - **Precision Spindles**: Machined rotating components - **Tooling Elements**: Jig and fixture components - **Mechanical Links**: Precision linkage systems --- ### **7. MACHINING & PROCESSING CHARACTERISTICS** #### **7.1 Machinability** - **Machinability Rating**: 35% (compared to 1212 steel at 100%) - **Recommended Tools**: Carbide inserts with sharp cutting edges - **Cutting Speeds**: 35-60 m/min for turning operations - **Feed Rates**: 0.15-0.35 mm/rev for optimal surface finish - **Coolant Requirements**: Recommended for all operations #### **7.2 Heat Treatment** - **Annealing Process**: 800-900°C followed by controlled cooling - **Stress Relieving**: 550-650°C for 1 hour per 25 mm thickness - **Atmosphere Control**: Protective atmosphere for optimal results - **Grain Size Control**: ASTM 5-7 for optimal machinability #### **7.3 Secondary Operations** - **Grinding**: Suitable for precision diameter control - **Centerless Grinding**: For improved surface finish - **Polishing**: Can be polished to required finish - **Plating**: Compatible with various plating processes --- ### **8. QUALITY ASSURANCE** #### **8.1 Material Certification** - **Chemical Analysis**: Certified spectrographic analysis - **Mechanical Testing**: Tensile and hardness certification - **Dimensional Inspection**: 100% diameter and straightness check - **Surface Quality**: Visual inspection for defects #### **8.2 Testing & Verification** - **Ultrasonic Testing**: Available for critical applications - **Macroetch Testing**: For internal quality verification - **Grain Size Measurement**: ASTM E112 compliance - **CTE Verification**: Precision thermal expansion testing #### **8.3 Traceability & Documentation** - **Heat Number Traceability**: Full material history maintained - **Process Certificates**: Customer-specific certification - **Process Control**: Statistical process monitoring records - **Custom Documentation**: Application-specific reporting --- ### **9. TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES** - **Controlled Thermal Expansion**: Intermediate CTE for specialized applications - **Excellent Machinability**: Good chip formation and surface finish - **Superior Dimensional Stability**: Maintains precision across temperature ranges - **Good Mechanical Properties**: Balanced strength and ductility - **Thermal Stability**: Consistent performance in variable temperatures - **Customizable Characteristics**: Tailored to specific requirements --- ### **10. PACKAGING & HANDLING** - **Standard Packaging**: Bundled with protective end caps - **Surface Protection**: Oiled or VCI wrapped for corrosion prevention - **Identification**: Clear tagging with specifications - **Storage Recommendations**: Dry, indoor environment preferred - **Handling Guidelines**: Proper support to prevent bending --- **Note:** Alloy 45 rod is typically supplied against specific customer requirements rather than standardized specifications. Stress relieving after rough machining is recommended for precision components. Consultation with our technical team is essential for optimal material selection and processing guidance. Sample material available for evaluation and process development.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2470 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.