Alloy 46,Glass sealing 46 Alloy Sheet,UNS K94600,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs: ASTM F30，German Specs:

### **Alloy 46 (Glass Sealing 46) - Sheet Product Overview** **Alloy 46** is a controlled expansion iron-nickel alloy specifically engineered for creating reliable hermetic seals with soft glass. The **Sheet** form of this material provides a versatile, thin-gauge solution for applications requiring precise glass-to-metal seals in electronic components, aerospace systems, and specialized industrial equipment where thermal expansion compatibility is critical. * **UNS Designation:** **K94600** * **Common Product Forms:** Sheet, Strip, Foil --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** The chemical composition is strictly controlled to maintain consistent thermal expansion properties essential for reliable glass sealing performance. | Element | Percentage (%) | Role in the Alloy | |:---|:---|:---| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 45.0 - 47.0 | Controls thermal expansion coefficient and Curie point | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base element providing structural matrix | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.10 - 0.30 | Improves hot workability and acts as deoxidizer | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10 - 0.30 | Enhances glass wetting and oxidation resistance | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.05 max | Limited to prevent embrittlement | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.02 max | Controlled impurity | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.02 max | Controlled impurity | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.20 max | Accidental impurity | --- #### **2. Physical Properties** The physical properties are characterized by a thermal expansion curve specifically designed to match soft glass. | Property | Value / Condition | Notes | |:---|:---|:---| | **Density** | 8.18 g/cm³ (0.295 lb/in³) | | | **Melting Point** | ~1427 °C (2600 °F) | | | **Curie Temperature** | ~430 °C (805 °F) | Critical transition point affecting CTE characteristics | | **Thermal Expansion Coefficient (CTE)** | 20-300°C: 9.2-9.8 μm/m·°C
20-450°C: 10.2-10.8 μm/m·°C | Matches soft glasses (Corning 0080, 0120, 0010 series) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 14.9 W/m·K (103 Btu·in/hr·ft²·°F) at 20°C | | | **Specific Heat** | 0.46 J/g·°C (0.11 Btu/lb·°F) at 20°C | | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.49 μΩ·m at 20°C | | | **Magnetic Properties** | Ferromagnetic below Curie point | Transitions to paramagnetic above ~430°C | --- #### **3. Mechanical Properties (Typical - Annealed Condition)** Sheet material is typically supplied in annealed condition for optimal formability and sealing performance. * **Tensile Strength:** 510-580 MPa (74-84 ksi) * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** 270-340 MPa (39-49 ksi) * **Elongation:** 30-40% (in 2 inches) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** 152 GPa (22 × 10⁶ psi) * **Hardness (Rockwell B):** 65-80 * **Shear Strength:** 410 MPa (59 ksi) * **Fatigue Strength:** 240 MPa (35 ksi) at 10⁸ cycles --- #### **4. Product Forms & Specific Applications** **Glass Sealing 46 Alloy Sheet** * **Description:** Alloy 46 sheet is typically supplied in thicknesses ranging from 0.1 mm (0.004 in) to 5 mm (0.197 in), with standard widths up to 600 mm (24 in). The material features excellent surface quality with controlled roughness (typically 0.4-0.8 μm Ra) suitable for direct glass sealing applications. Sheets are available in various tempers from annealed to full hard. * **Primary Applications:** * **Electronic Package Lids:** Used as hermetic sealing lids for microelectronic packages, RF components, and hybrid circuits. * **Battery Housings:** Provides hermetic encapsulation for specialized batteries and energy storage devices. * **Sensor Diaphragms:** Thin sheet sections used in pressure and chemical sensors requiring glass-sealed elements. * **Microwave Component Bases:** Forms the substrate for microwave integrated circuits and antenna feed networks. * **Optical Component Mounting:** Used in laser systems and optical assemblies where glass elements must be securely mounted to metal frames. * **Aerospace Electronics:** Critical for avionics packages and satellite components requiring reliable glass-to-metal seals in thin sections. * **Medical Device Housings:** Used in implantable medical devices and diagnostic equipment where hermetic sealing is essential. --- #### **5. International Standards** Alloy 46 Sheet conforms to major international standards for sealing alloys. | Standard Type | Standard Number | Title / Specification | |:---|:---|:---| | **ASTM** | **ASTM F15** | Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel Sealing Alloys | | **ASTM** | ASTM F30 | Specification for Iron-Nickel Alloys in Preoxidized Condition | | **AMS** | AMS 7721 | Brazing Alloy, Iron-Nickel, 46Ni-54Fe | | **IEC** | IEC 60404-8-6 | Metallic Magnetic Materials - Soft Magnetic Metallic Materials | | **UNS** | **K94600** | Unified Numbering System Designation | | **DIN** | DIN 1745 | Metallic Materials for Glass-to-Metal Seals | | **MIL** | MIL-DTL-23488 | Dumet Wire (Related sealing alloy specification) | --- #### **6. Manufacturing & Processing Notes** * **Forming:** Excellent deep drawing and stamping characteristics in annealed condition; may require intermediate annealing for severe deformation * **Surface Preparation:** Typically supplied with clean, descaled surface; often copper plated (0.5-2.5 μm thickness) to prevent oxidation and enhance glass wetting * **Heat Treatment:** Annealing at 850-900°C in hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere recommended for optimal sealing performance * **Glass Sealing:** Optimal sealing temperature range: 800-1000°C depending on glass type; requires controlled heating and cooling cycles * **Joining:** Can be welded using TIG, laser, or resistance welding techniques; brazing with silver-based alloys is also common --- **Summary** **Alloy 46 (UNS K94600) Sheet** offers a precise and reliable thin-gauge solution for demanding glass-to-metal sealing applications. Its carefully controlled thermal expansion properties, which closely match those of soft glass, combined with excellent formability and consistent performance, make it essential for modern electronic packaging, aerospace systems, and specialized industrial components. Compliance with **ASTM F15** and related international standards ensures material quality and performance reliability for applications where hermetic integrity, thermal cycle performance, and long-term reliability are critical requirements.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2488 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.