Alloy 46,Glass sealing 46 Alloy Other/Similar Specs,UNS K94600,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs: ASTM F30，German Specs:

### **Alloy 46 (Glass Sealing 46) - Other Forms & Similar Specifications** **Alloy 46** is a controlled expansion iron-nickel alloy specifically engineered for creating reliable hermetic seals with soft glass. Beyond standard forms, this versatile material is available in various specialized configurations and has equivalent specifications across different international standards systems. * **UNS Designation:** **K94600** * **Alternative Names:** Glass Sealing 46, 46Ni-Fe Alloy, ASTM F15 Alloy 46 --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** The chemical composition remains consistent across all product forms, ensuring reliable thermal expansion properties. | Element | Percentage (%) | Role in the Alloy | |:---|:---|:---| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 45.0 - 47.0 | Primary element controlling CTE and Curie point | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base element of the alloy | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.10 - 0.30 | Deoxidizer and hot workability enhancer | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10 - 0.30 | Improves glass wetting and oxidation resistance | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.05 max | Limited to prevent embrittlement | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.02 max | Controlled impurity | | **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.02 max | Controlled impurity | --- #### **2. Physical Properties** Consistent physical properties across all product configurations. | Property | Value / Condition | |:---|:---| | **Density** | 8.18 g/cm³ (0.295 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | ~1427 °C (2600 °F) | | **Curie Temperature** | ~430 °C (805 °F) | | **Thermal Expansion Coefficient** | 20-300°C: 9.2-9.8 μm/m·°C | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 14.9 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.49 μΩ·m at 20°C | --- #### **3. Other Product Forms & Configurations** **Specialized Product Variants:** * **Pre-oxidized Material:** Supplied with controlled surface oxidation for immediate glass sealing * **Copper-Clad Composite:** Bimetal strips with copper coating for improved conductivity and solderability * **Plated Variants:** Available with nickel, gold, or silver plating for specific applications * **Powder Form:** For metal injection molding (MIM) and additive manufacturing * **Laminated Composites:** Multi-layer structures for specialized thermal management * **Custom Profiles:** Extruded or rolled to customer-specific cross-sections --- #### **4. International Standards & Cross-References** Comprehensive list of equivalent international specifications: | Standard System | Standard Number | Equivalent Designation | |:---|:---|:---| | **UNS** | **K94600** | Primary Unified Numbering System | | **ASTM** | **ASTM F15** | Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel Sealing Alloys | | **ISO** | **ISO 9711** | Metallic materials for glass-to-metal seals | | **DIN** | **DIN 1745** | Werkstoffe für Glas-Metall-Verbindungen | | **JIS** | **JIS H 7541** | Alloys for Glass-to-Metal Seals | | **GB** | **GB/T 15008** | Chinese National Standard | | **BS** | **BS 3728** | British Standard for Glass Sealing Alloys | | **AFNOR** | **NF A54-302** | French Standard | --- #### **5. Industry-Specific Specifications** **Aerospace & Defense:** * AMS 7721: Aerospace Material Specification * MIL-DTL-23488: Military Specification for Sealing Alloys * GE Specification: S-400 (Internal) * Rolls-Royce: RRES 900.310 **Electronics & Electrical:** * IEC 60404-8-6: International Electrotechnical Commission * EIA 486: Electronic Industries Alliance * SEMI Specification: Semiconductor Equipment Manufacturers **Nuclear Applications:** * ASTM F15 with Nuclear Addendum * RCC-MRx: Nuclear Reactor Component Design --- #### **6. Similar & Alternative Alloys** **Direct Equivalents:** * **Alloy 52** (UNS K94601): Higher nickel content for different CTE requirements * **NILO® 46:** Carpenter Technology trade name * **Vacoseal 46:** VACUUMSCHMELZE designation **Related Sealing Alloys:** * **Alloy 42** (UNS K94100): 42% Nickel - for harder glasses * **Alloy 52** (UNS K94601): 52% Nickel - intermediate CTE * **Dumet Wire:** Copper-clad 42% Ni-Fe alloy for lead wires --- #### **7. Special Applications & Custom Specifications** **Customized Variants Include:** * Modified silicon content for specific glass types * Controlled grain size variants for special forming requirements * Ultra-low gas content grades for high-vacuum applications * High-purity versions for nuclear and medical applications * Special surface finish grades for direct-to-glass sealing --- **Summary** **Alloy 46 (UNS K94600)** demonstrates remarkable versatility across multiple international standards and specialized applications. The material's consistent chemical and physical properties ensure reliable performance whether specified under ASTM, ISO, DIN, JIS, or other major standards systems. The availability of specialized forms - including pre-oxidized, plated, composite, and powder variants - enables engineers to select the optimal configuration for specific design requirements. Understanding the cross-equivalency between different international specifications allows for global sourcing and manufacturing flexibility while maintaining the critical thermal expansion properties that make Alloy 46 indispensable for reliable glass-to-metal sealing applications across aerospace, electronics, medical, and industrial sectors.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2492 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.