Permalloy, Rod,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:MIL-N-14411 C ASTM A753，German Specs:

### **Permalloy - Rod Product Overview** **Permalloy** is a nickel-iron soft magnetic alloy renowned for its extremely high magnetic permeability and low coercivity. The **Rod** form provides solid, cylindrical stock material for machining precision magnetic components requiring superior soft magnetic characteristics and excellent machinability. * **Common Names:** Permalloy Rod, High Permeability Nickel-Iron Alloy Rod * **Key Variants:** Permalloy 45 Rod, Permalloy 80 Rod --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** | Element | Permalloy 45 (%) | Permalloy 80 (%) | |---------|------------------|------------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 45-50 | 77-83 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | - | 0.5-2.0 | | **Copper (Cu)** | - | 3-5 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30-0.60 | 0.30-0.60 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10-0.30 | 0.10-0.30 | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.02 max | 0.02 max | --- #### **2. Physical Properties** | Property | Permalloy 45 | Permalloy 80 | |----------|--------------|--------------| | **Density (g/cm³)** | 8.17 | 8.74 | | **Melting Point (°C)** | 1420 | 1450 | | **Rod Diameter Range (mm)** | 3.0-150 | 3.0-150 | | **Curie Temperature (°C)** | 440 | 460 | | **Electrical Resistivity (μΩ·m)** | 0.45 | 0.55 | | **Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K)** | 18 | 16 | --- #### **3. Magnetic Properties** | Property | Permalloy 45 | Permalloy 80 | |----------|--------------|--------------| | **Initial Permeability (μi)** | 2,500-4,000 | 20,000-50,000 | | **Maximum Permeability (μmax)** | 25,000-50,000 | 70,000-150,000 | | **Saturation Induction (T)** | 1.5-1.6 | 0.70-0.82 | | **Coercive Force (A/m)** | 8-16 | 1.2-2.4 | | **Residual Induction (T)** | 0.4-0.6 | 0.15-0.30 | --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties** | Diameter Range (mm) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HRB) | |---------------------|------------------------|----------------------|----------------|----------------| | 3.0-12.0 | 480-550 | 250-320 | 35-45 | 65-80 | | 12.0-25.0 | 480-550 | 250-320 | 35-45 | 65-80 | | 25.0-50.0 | 470-540 | 240-310 | 35-45 | 63-78 | | 50.0-150.0 | 460-530 | 230-300 | 30-40 | 63-78 | --- #### **5. Product Specifications & Applications** **Rod Specifications:** * **Diameter Tolerances:** ±0.1 mm (<25 mm), ±0.2% (>25 mm) * **Straightness:** ≤1 mm per meter length * **Surface Finish:** 3.2 μm Ra standard, 1.6 μm Ra available * **Length:** Standard 3-4 meters, custom lengths available * **Condition:** Annealed and stress-relieved **Primary Applications:** **Electronics & Instrumentation:** * **Magnetic Core Rods:** Precision cores for instruments and sensors * **Transformer Components:** Core rods and structural elements * **Sensor Elements:** Magnetic sensor components and flux concentrators * **Relay Cores:** Precision relay magnetic components **Aerospace & Defense:** * **Aircraft Instrument Components:** Critical sensor housings and mounts * **Guidance System Parts:** Components for navigation systems * **Military Electronics:** Radar system components **Medical & Scientific:** * **MRI Components:** Peripheral magnetic components * **Research Equipment:** Precision parts for physics research apparatus * **Laboratory Instruments:** Components for sensitive measuring devices **Industrial Applications:** * **Testing Equipment:** Precision components for magnetic test equipment * **Current Sensors:** Zero-flux current transformer components * **Specialized Fixtures:** Magnetic fixtures and tooling --- #### **6. International Standards** | Standard Type | Standard Number | Title / Specification | |---------------|----------------|----------------------| | **ASTM** | **ASTM A753** | Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys | | **IEC** | **IEC 60404-8-6** | Metallic Magnetic Materials | | **MIL-SPEC** | **MIL-N-14411** | Nickel-Iron Magnetic Alloys | | **AMS** | **AMS 7701** | Aerospace Material Specification (Permalloy 45) | | **AMS** | **AMS 7702** | Aerospace Material Specification (Permalloy 80) | | **DIN** | **DIN 17745** | Nickel-Iron Alloys with Special Magnetic Properties | --- #### **7. Machining & Processing Characteristics** **Machinability:** * **Machinability Rating:** 25-30% (compared to free-cutting brass) * **Recommended Tools:** Sharp carbide tools with positive rake angles * **Cutting Speed:** 20-35 m/min for turning operations * **Feed Rate:** 0.08-0.25 mm/rev * **Coolant:** Essential for optimal tool life and surface finish **Critical Heat Treatment:** * **Final Annealing:** 1100-1150°C in pure dry hydrogen atmosphere * **Stress Relief:** 400-500°C after machining operations * **Cooling Rate:** Controlled cooling >100°C/hour through Curie point * **Atmosphere Control:** Essential for optimal magnetic properties **Special Processing Requirements:** * **Stress Management:** Avoid mechanical stress after final anneal * **Handling:** Careful handling to prevent degradation of magnetic properties * **Storage:** Proper support to prevent bending or distortion --- #### **8. Quality Assurance** * **Chemical Analysis:** Heat certification to specified composition * **Dimensional Verification:** 100% diameter and straightness checking * **Magnetic Testing:** Permeability and coercive force verification * **Mechanical Testing:** Tensile and hardness testing per ASTM standards * **Metallurgical Quality:** Grain size control and structure examination * **Traceability:** Full material traceability from melt to final product --- **Summary** **Permalloy Rod** provides a machinable form of these exceptional soft magnetic alloys, offering superior magnetic permeability and precise dimensional control for manufacturing critical magnetic components. The availability of both Permalloy 45 (with higher saturation induction) and Permalloy 80 (with higher permeability) allows engineers to select the optimal material based on specific application requirements. The rod form enables the production of complex magnetic components through conventional machining operations while maintaining the exceptional soft magnetic properties that define the Permalloy family. Compliance with international standards including **ASTM A753** and **IEC 60404-8-6** ensures consistent quality and performance across global supply chains. Proper heat treatment in hydrogen atmosphere and careful handling throughout the manufacturing process are essential to preserve the exceptional magnetic characteristics that make Permalloy rods indispensable for precision instruments, aerospace systems, medical equipment, and advanced research applications where magnetic performance cannot be compromised.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2548 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.