Alloy 401,Monel 401 Rod,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:

**Technical Datasheet: Monel® 401 Rod (UNS N04401)** --- ### **Overview** Monel® 401 Rod (UNS N04401) is a nickel-copper alloy rod product specifically engineered for applications requiring precise thermal expansion characteristics and excellent electrical conductivity. This wrought rod form maintains the alloy's unique properties while providing enhanced machinability and structural integrity for specialized electronic and industrial components. --- ### **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Content (%) | Role | |---------|-------------|------| | Nickel (Ni) | 40.0-45.0 | Base element, provides matrix structure | | Copper (Cu) | Balance (~52-57) | Electrical conductivity, strength | | Iron (Fe) | 1.0-2.0 | Strength enhancement | | Manganese (Mn) | 1.5-2.5 | Deoxidizer, improves hot workability | | Silicon (Si) | 0.1-0.5 | Deoxidizer | | Carbon (C) | 0.1-0.25 | Strength enhancement | | Sulfur (S) | ≤0.015 | Controlled impurity | | Magnesium (Mg) | 0.05-0.20 | Desulfurization, grain refinement | --- ### **Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | Density | 8.83 g/cm³ (0.319 lb/in³) | | Melting Range | 1300-1350°C (2370-2460°F) | | Thermal Conductivity | 25.2 W/m·K (at 20°C) | | Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 14.5 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | Specific Heat Capacity | 440 J/kg·K | | Electrical Resistivity | 0.49 μΩ·m | | Modulus of Elasticity | 179 GPa (26 × 10⁶ psi) | | Magnetic Permeability | <1.005 (slightly magnetic when cold worked) | --- ### **Mechanical Properties** **Annealed Condition:** - **Tensile Strength**: 480-550 MPa (70-80 ksi) - **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)**: 170-240 MPa (25-35 ksi) - **Elongation**: 35-45% - **Reduction of Area**: 50-60% - **Hardness**: HRB 65-75 **Cold Drawn Condition:** - **Tensile Strength**: 620-690 MPa (90-100 ksi) - **Yield Strength**: 480-550 MPa (70-80 ksi) - **Elongation**: 15-25% - **Hardness**: HRB 85-95 --- ### **Special Characteristics** **Thermal Properties:** - Controlled thermal expansion coefficient - Compatible with various glass and ceramic materials - Suitable for precision glass-to-metal seals - Stable thermal performance across temperature ranges **Electrical Properties:** - Excellent electrical conductivity - Low temperature coefficient of resistance - Consistent electrical properties - Ideal for electronic applications --- ### **Product Applications** **Electronic Components:** - Lead frame materials - Connector pins and terminals - Resistance welding electrodes - Semiconductor support components - Vacuum tube parts **Glass-to-Metal Seals:** - Hermetic seal terminals - Electronic package feedthroughs - Transformer bushings - Capacitor seals - Instrumentation seals **Industrial Components:** - Valve stems and shafts - Pump rods and components - Fasteners and studs - Chemical processing equipment - Marine engineering parts **Specialized Applications:** - Thermocouple protection tubes - Cryogenic instrument components - Aerospace electronic housings - Communication equipment parts - Research apparatus components --- ### **Fabrication Characteristics** **Machining:** - Good machinability rating (similar to Monel 400) - Recommended cutting speeds: 20-35 m/min (65-115 SFM) - Use positive rake angles and sharp tools - Suitable for automatic screw machines - Good surface finish achievable **Welding:** - Good weldability using common processes - GTAW (TIG) and GMAW (MIG) recommended - Use matching filler metals - Pre-heat generally not required - Post-weld heat treatment optional **Heat Treatment:** - Annealing temperature: 870-980°C (1600-1800°F) - Stress relieving: 480-650°C (900-1200°F) - Rapid cooling after annealing recommended --- ### **International Standards** | Standard Organization | Standard Number | Description | |----------------------|-----------------|-------------| | **ASTM** | B164 | Standard Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and Wire | | **ASME** | SB-164 | Code-approved version for pressure applications | | **SAE** | AMS 7232 | Electronic Components, Glass Sealing Alloy | | **UNS** | N04401 | Unified Numbering System | | **DIN** | 2.4360 | Material Number 2.4360 | | **ISO** | 9724 | Nickel alloy rods for general purposes | --- ### **Rod Specifications** **Available Sizes:** - Diameters: 3 mm to 300 mm (0.125" to 12") - Lengths: 3-6 meters (10-20 feet) standard - Custom sizes and lengths available **Surface Conditions:** - Centerless ground - Turned and polished - Hot finished - Black surface **Tolerance Standards:** - Standard tolerances per ASTM B164 - Special precision tolerances available - Straightness: 1.5 mm per meter maximum --- ### **Quality Assurance** - Complete material traceability - Chemical composition certification - Mechanical property testing - Dimensional verification - Surface quality inspection - Heat treatment certification - EN 10204 3.1/3.2 certification available --- ### **Key Advantages** 1. **Precision thermal expansion** characteristics for electronic applications 2. **Excellent electrical conductivity** for component manufacturing 3. **Good corrosion resistance** in various environments 4. **Superior machinability** for complex components 5. **Reliable performance** in specialized industrial applications --- **Notes:** - "Monel" is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation - Store rods in clean, dry conditions to prevent surface contamination - Special handling recommended for electronic grade material - Consult technical experts for specific application requirements *For detailed technical assistance and application engineering support, contact materials engineering specialists.*

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2925 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.